Timeline: Ellen Ayerst

1858 -

	Date	Event(s)
1	1837	20 Jun 1837—20 Jan 1901: Reign of Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland * Empress of India
2	1840	7 Jun 1840—2 Jan 1861: Reign of Frederick William IV King of Prussia
3	1857	4 Mar 1857—4 Mar 1861: Presidency of James Buchanan 15th President of the USA
4	1861	4 Mar 1861—15 Apr 1865: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln 16th President of the USA 12 Apr 1861—9 Apr 1865: American Civil War Civil war in the United States fought between northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America.
5	1865	15 Apr 1865—4 Mar 1869: Presidency of Andew Johnson 17th President of the USA
6	1867	1 Jul 1867: Canadian Confederation The Confederation of the Dominion of Canada was the process by which the British colonies of the Province of Canada (Ontario & Quebec), Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick were united into one federation.
7	1869	4 Mar 1869—4 Mar 1877: Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant 18th President of the USA 16 Oct 1869—10 Feb 1870: Red River Resistance The Red River Rebellion, also known as the Red River Resistance, Red River uprising, or First Riel Rebellion, was the sequence of events that led to the establishment of a provisional government by the Métis at the Red River Colony, in what was the early stages of establishing the Canadian province of Manitoba.
8	1871	18 Jan 1871—9 Mar 1888: Reign of Wilhelm I King of Prussia * German Emperor
9	1877	4 Mar 1877—4 Mar 1881: Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes 19th President of the USA
10	1881	4 Mar 1881—19 Sep 1881: Presidency of James A. Garfield 20th President of the USA 19 Sep 1881—4 Mar 1885: Presidency of Chester A. Arthur 21st President of the USA
11	1885	4 Mar 1885—4 Mar 1889: Presidency of Grover Cleveland 22nd President of the USA 26 Mar 1885—12 May 1885: North-West Resistance The North-West Resistance or Rebellion, was a rebellion by the Métis people and associated First Nations of the District of Saskatchewan against the Canadian government.
12	1888	15 Jan 1888—9 Nov 1918: Reign of Wilhelm II King of Prussia * German Emperor 9 Mar 1888—15 Jan 1888: Reign of Frederick III King of Prussia * German Emperor
13	1889	4 Mar 1889—4 Mar 1893: Presidency of Benjamin Harrison 23rd President of the USA
14	1893	4 Mar 1893—4 Mar 1897: Presidency of Grover Cleveland 24th President of the USA
15	1896	1896—1899: Klondike Gold Rush Gold was discovered on Bonanza Creek, a tributary of the Klondike River in Yukon, Canada. During the Klondike Gold Rush from 1897 to 1899 at least 100,000 people stampeded to the gold fields.
16	1897	4 Mar 1897—14 Sep 1901: Presidency of William McKinley 25th President of the USA
17	1901	1 Jan 1901: Federation of Australia The Federation of the Commonwealth of Australia. The process by which six separate British self-governing colonies (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia) agreed to unite and form the Commonwealth of Australia, establishing a system of federalism in Australia. 22 Jan 1901—6 May 1910: Reign of Edward VII King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India 14 Sep 1901—4 Mar 1909: Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt 26th President of the USA
18	1907	26 Sep 1907: Dominion of New Zealand The Dominion of New Zealand was formed when it was chosen not to take part in the Federation of Australia.
19	1909	4 Mar 1909—4 Mar 1913: Presidency of William Howard Taft 27th President of the USA
20	1910	6 May 1910—20 Jan 1936: Reign of George V King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India 31 May 1910—31 May 1961: Union of South Africa The Union of South Africa came into being with the unification of the Cape Colony, the Natal Colony, the Transvaal, and the Orange River Colony. It included the territories that were formerly a part of the South African Republic (1852 to 1902) and the Orange Free State (1854-1902).
21	1913	4 Mar 1913—4 Mar 1921: Presidency of Woodrow Wilson 28th President of the USA
22	1914	28 Jul 1914—11 Nov 1918: World War I WWI also known as the Great War
23	1916	24 Apr 1916: Easter Rising An armed insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week in April 1916. The Rising was launched by Irish republicans against British rule in Ireland with the aim of establishing an independent Irish Republic
24	1917	8 Mar 1917—16 Jun 1923: Russian Revolution The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social revolution across the territory of the Russian Empire, commencing with the abolition of the monarchy in 1917 and concluding in 1922 with the Bolshevik establishment of the Soviet Union at the end of the Civil War.
25	1918	Feb 1918—Apr 1920: Spanish Flu The Spanish flu, also known as the 1918 influenza pandemic, was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, infecting 500 million people – about a third of the world's population at the time – in four successive waves. The death toll is typically estimated to have been somewhere between 20 million and 50 million, making it one of the most deadliest pandemics in world history. 9 Nov 1918: Monarchy of Germany Abolished Wilhelm II, the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, abdicated and went into exile in the Netherlands upon Germany's defeat in World War I in 1918.
26	1919	21 Jan 1919—11 Jul 1921: Irish War of Independence The Irish War of Independence or Anglo-Irish War was a guerrilla war fought in Ireland from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and British forces. As a result, in April 1921 the island was partitioned into Southern and Northern Ireland.
27	1921	4 Mar 1921—2 Aug 1923: Presidency of Warren G. Harding 29th President of the USA 3 May 1921: Partition of Ireland The partition of Ireland was the process by which the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland divided Ireland into two self-governing polities: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. The Government of Ireland Act 1920, intended for both home rule territories to remain within the United Kingdom and contained provisions for their eventual reunification. Following the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the territory of Southern Ireland left the UK and became the Irish Free State, now the Republic of Ireland.
28	1923	2 Aug 1923—4 Mar 1929: Presidency of Calvin Coolidge 30th President of the USA
29	1927	12 Apr 1927: Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland continued in name until 1927 when it was renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
30	1929	4 Mar 1929—4 Mar 1933: Presidency of Herbert Hoover 31st President of the USA 24 Oct 1929: Stock Market Crash The collapse of the American stock market begins the Great Depression, which ravages the economy during the “Dirty Thirties.”
31	1933	4 Mar 1933—12 Apr 1945: Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt 32nd President of the USA
32	1936	20 Jan 1936—11 Dec 1936: Reign of Edward VIII King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Empire, and Emperor of India 17 Jul 1936—1 Apr 1939: Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War was republicans and left-leaning government of the Second Spanish Republic against a revolt by the Nationalists, monarchists, conservatives and traditionalists. 11 Dec 1936—6 Feb 1952: Reign of George VI King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Emperor of India
33	1939	1939—1945: World War II WWII
34	1945	12 Apr 1945—20 Jun 1953: Presidency of Harry S. Truman 33rd President of the USA
35	1950	25 Jun 1950—27 Jul 1953: Korean War The Korean War was between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the support of the United Nations, principally from the United States). The war began when North Korea invaded South Korea following clashes along the border and insurrections in the south. The war ended unofficially in an armistice.
36	1952	6 Feb 1952—8 Sep 2022: Reign of Elizabeth II Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of her other realms and territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith
37	1953	20 Jun 1953—20 Jan 1961: Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower 34th President of the USA
38	1955	1 Nov 1955—30 Apr 1975: Vietnam War The Vietnam War was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, officially fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communist allies; South Vietnam was supported by the United States, South Korea, the Philippines, Australia, Thailand, and other anti-communist allies. It included the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War, which ended with all three countries becoming communist in 1975.
39	1961	20 Jan 1961—20 Nov 1963: Presidency of John F. Kennedy 35th President of the USA 31 May 1961: Republic of South Africa South Africa became a republic following a referendum (only open to white voters) which narrowly passed; the British-dominated Natal province largely voted against the proposal. 13 Aug 1961—9 Nov 1989: Berlin Wall The Berlin Wall was a guarded concrete barrier that physically and ideologically divided Berlin in Germany. Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic (GDR, East Germany) and cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany, including East Berlin.
40	1963	22 Nov 1963—20 Jan 1969: Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson 36th President of the USA
41	1968	1968—1998: The Troubles of Northern Ireland The Troubles was an ethno-nationalist period of conflict that lasted about 30 years, beginning in the late 1960s and is usually deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. Although the Troubles mostly took place in Northern Ireland, at times the violence spilled over into parts of the Republic of Ireland, England, and mainland Europe.